What is the geological term for an extremely explosive volcanic eruption?

Plinian

Plinian eruptions are named after Pliny the Younger, who described the catastrophic eruption of Vesuvius in AD 79. These eruptions are characterized by their violence, projecting ash, gases, and rocks to stratospheric altitudes. They can alter the landscape in a few hours and have long-lasting climatic and environmental consequences. The eruption of Vesuvius, burying Pompeii and Herculaneum, remains one of the most poignant testimonies to the destructive power of volcanoes.