What mountain range, the longest in the world, extends from north to south along the western part of South America?

The Andes

The Andes, stretching across seven South American countries, are not only the longest but also among the highest mountain ranges in the world. They offer an incredible diversity of habitats, from glaciers and snow-capped peaks to humid tropical forests and arid deserts. The Andes are home to ancient cultures, such as the Incas, and harbor exceptional biodiversity, including unique species such as the Andean condor and the llama. This mountain range plays a crucial role in the lives of South American people, providing essential water resources.