What phenomenon is primarily responsible for the formation of tornadoes?

Supercell thunderstorms

Supercell thunderstorms are known to be nature's "tornado factories." These powerful and organized storms possess a mesoscale rotation within the supercell, which can lead to tornado formation. The complexity and power of these storms attract tornado chasers and scientists from around the world, eager to understand and predict these impressive phenomena. Studying supercells and their ability to generate tornadoes is vital for improving early warnings and saving lives.