Which geological process describes the horizontal movement of tectonic plates?

Sliding

Sliding is a tectonic ballet where Earth's plates slide horizontally against each other. This movement can create transform faults, areas where tension builds up until it is abruptly released during earthquakes. The San Andreas Fault in California is an iconic example of this phenomenon, marking the boundary between the Pacific and North American plates. Studies on sliding help to understand and anticipate seismic risks, crucial for the safety of populated areas.